toefl ライティング 回答例 記録用
勉強のモチベーション維持のために自分の書いたtoeflライティングをここにアップロードしていく。toeflのライティング能力はたぶん18点くらいかなという感じ(2020/2/26時点)。
Topic 34
Businesses should hire employees for their entire lives. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
When it comes to hiring employees, some people think that businesses should employ them for their entire lives. Others argue that companies should not. Without a doubt, businesses should not hire employees for their whole lives.
First, hiring employees for their whole lives makes them lose motivation to work harder. When people know they would never be fired, there are few incentives to make a great achievement. Many workers would think that being lazy at work is a good strategy because they would not feel exhausted at work. On the other hand, if companies hire employees for limited spans, they would keep high motivation because they have numerous incentives to work harder. By working harder, they would not lose their jobs, and they would get advantages when they would change their positions. Besides, they would be surrounded by people who have high motivations or skills. From personal experience of school, sports club, or internships, immersing oneself in a competitive environment must be exciting as one can feel personal growth. Businesses should make an effort to create such a competitive and comfortable environment for their staff.
Second, hiring employees for limited terms leads to diverse working environments. Limiting spans to hire employees increases the mobility of human resources, and many people would join the company every year, which would increase the diversity of age, gender, skill, nationality, religion, and value. For organizations, diversity is essential because different backgrounds people have different knowledge and opinions, so organizations can share a variety of perspectives or ideas. Take an example of my laboratory of the university. My labmates have majored in many kinds of different disciplines such as computer science, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and neuroscience, which gives us opportunities to brainstorm research ideas from different viewpoints. Actually, the combination of different disciplines has enabled us to write some academic papers.
In sum, hiring people in a limited term is much better in terms of motivations and diversity. This is clear when you look into the most successful companies, such as Google or Facebook. These companies are known for hiring specialists in various fields, including software engineering, business administration, and research of natural science, social science, and humanities from a number of countries. Besides, the average length of employment of these businesses is very short. As a real-world example shows, unquestionably, hiring people in a limited term works better in this society.
Topic39
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? With the help of technology, students nowadays can learn more information and learn it more quickly. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.(2020/2/26)
I agree that technology enables student to learn more information more quickly.
First, search engines and the internet make it possible to search what we do not know regardless of when and where we are. In the old days, we have to look up bulky paper dictionaries to see the meaning of words. When electric dictionaries appear, we are free from bringing paper dictionaries inconveniently, and now, what we must have is just a small smartphone. This example shows that acquiring information has become much easier. Moreover, by using automatic translating functions, we can understand information written in foreign languages.
Second, we can learn something in understandable ways. Written textbooks are not always easy to understand. On the internet, there are numerous blogs and videos that describe an array of topics. Those include explanations for beginners and visual presentations to support easy understanding. For example, YouTubers explain essential concepts of difficult books briefly. Also, we can learn about university-level issues online. Notable professors all over the world distribute the videos of their classes. People can choose a form and a creator of learning material among countless sources on the net.
Third, technology allows students to study interactively. With messenger applications, they can ask their friends questions immediately. In question and answer services or social media services, students can post questions to the mass public beyond their acquaintances. We may get responses from a specialist when we ask a question on the internet. Interactive learning is crucial not only as a way to get information but also as a way to cultivate curiosity. Actually, many meetups and online communities focus on studying because learning with people having the same interests is an effective and fast way to gain a sea of knowledge.
In conclusion, recent technology and applications such as search engines, blogs, video services, and social media services enable students to get knowledge interactively, in understandable ways, whenever and wherever they are.
Topic44
Some people like to travel with a companion. Other people prefer to travel alone. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your choices. (2020/2/26)
There is a choice whether you go on a trip with your acquaintances or going alone.
I prefer traveling alone to traveling with a companion.
First, I can do what I really want to do when I travel alone. People have different preferences and values about dishes, tourist spots, souvenir shops, transportation, and accommodations choices. Thus, what I want to do in the land is not exactly the same as what others want to do. For example, I do not feel like visiting all of the famous tourist spots, which are usually featured in a tourist guidebook. In an ordinal trip, people look busy going to a renowned heritage and take a picture, which is extremely similar to one in a sightseeing brochure or social media and moving to the next destination, such as a notable restaurant, a famous local souvenir shop, or a museum. I occasionally feel this conventional and typical "stamp rally" trip is boring because I do not feel I can appreciate each event or spot sincerely. I believe I need to learn the religious, politics, economy, and society of the town to truly appreciate the tourist spot. Otherwise, I just remember the fact that I go to the site, and there is an architecture exactly the same as the photo in a travel pamphlet.
Second, I can choose to do nothing when I travel alone. I hypothesized that spending in a town in the same way as my hometown is also enjoyable. I do not have to follow what the majority is doing or what they think is common. Studying in an unpopular local café, spending a long time lying on the grass lazily, watching Netflix or YouTube is sometimes a choice that I want to pick. I like such a relaxed way of living, even if I am not in my hometown. This plan would never be acceptable when I go around with a companion.
In brief, I like going on a trip alone because I can do what I really want to do, including just being lazy and chilling.
Note that this is not my true preference.
Topic 49
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Face-to-face communication is better than other types of communication, such as letters, e-mail, or telephone calls. Use specific reasons and details to your answer. (2020/3/11)
When it comes to communication, some people prefer face-to-face communication. Others like other types of communication, including letters, e-mail, and telephone calls. I disagree with the statement.
First, other forms of communication allow us to communicate with people who are far from us. Students and co-workers can send messages as a reminder to confirm a schedule of school or job, and people can tell friends if they want to change a schedule or a plan. Besides, they share their experiences, concerns, tips with friends so that they can spend a fulfilling time. Communications other than face-to-face communication are practical ways to tell information even if they are not geologically close and to keep interacting with friends outside school and job. This is beneficial for business as well. We do not have to take planes to communicate with foreign clients and partners. As it has become easy for companies to deal with international companies, companies now have tremendous opportunities and possibilities to expand their business rapidly.
Second, we don’t have to care about a time when we use remote communication, especially letters, e-mails, and online message. Face-to-face communication requires us to be in the same place at the same time. This is inconvenient because we have to spare time to arrange a schedule and wait for the other. Letters and e-mails free people from those unproductive habits so that we could use our time for more productive purposes. I use slack for communication in my office, which enables me to ask questions, get permissions, and assign tasks with co-workers. Obviously, this is a better way to realize productive workstyle. The fact that a number of excellent companies have started using chat applications such as slack and teamwork demonstrates the positive effects.
Proponents of face-to-face communication might say that face-to-face communication is better because it can tell rich information such as facial expressions, tones, and emotions. I agree that current other types of communication are inferior to face-to-face conversation in terms of the amount of information. However, the form of communication is continuously changing as e-mails have replaced letters. I believe that technology can solve the problem of an inadequate amount of information. For example, an online telephone enables us to tell not only our voice but also our facial expressions. Telepresence technology may realize the experience that we cannot distinguish from reality. I think adapting to new technology is better for us than sticking to traditional and out-dated manners.
In sum, I believe that face-to-face communication is inferior to other types of communication, such as letters, e-mail, or telephone calls, in terms of geological and time constraints. We should update the communication style with the advancement of technology.
